Piston resizing and reshaping machine



L A m N E R A M A P ISTON RESIZING AND RESHAPING MACHINE Filed Aug. 24,1936 2 Sheets-Sheet l .iwmmm Y TAM N N .R w.M 0 A n N W S A MW 3 E mm PISTON RESIZING AND RESHAPING MACHINE Filed Aug. 24, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 2Ffl. 25

INVENTORS; CHARLES AJWARIEN MELVIN W. MARIEN BY ATTORNEY and it consists1 tion more fully set forth in the cross-sectional view taken on theline 2-2, of

Patented Nov. Q '3, 1936 UNITED STATES r PISTON RESIZIN G MA Charles A.Marion and Louis, Mo., assignors AND RESHAPING 01mm Meivin w. Marien,St. to Ramsey Accessories Manufacturing Corporation, St. Louis, Mo., a

corporation of Missouri Application August 24, 1936, Serial No. 97,652 aOur invention has relation to improvements in machines for reshaping andenlarging pistons 21 the novel features of construcspecific'ation andpointed out in the claims.

The present invention is an I that shown in Patent No. 2,052,355, datedAugust 25, 1936, and like'the invention of said patent has'for itsprincipal object the' provision of a machine for peening the inside of apistonlskirt to reshape the sameafter it has become worn and'misshapenfrom use so as to no longer properly fit the engine cylinder; 4

In addition to the objects of the patent aforesaid, the presentinvention has the further ob-' .ject of confining the piston to acylindrical shape while undergoing a peeping operation by a hamlinerprovided for this purpose so as to insure a. more satisfactory finishedjob without the necesin'iproveme'nt over city of ,expertness in theoperator. This advantage will be better apparent from a more detaileddescription of the invention in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, in which:

' Figure l is a side elevation of our improved machine with parts shownin section; Fig. 2 is a Fig. 1 showing the resizing sleeve and' guidestherefore in top plan, Fig. 3 is a front elevation, "with parts insection, of the resizing sleeve for confining the piston and'at the sametime serving as an anvil against which the hammer operates: Fig. 4 is afront elevation of the guides for the resizing sleeve, with parts insection; 'Fig. 5 is a top plan of said guides. Referring to thedrawings; our improved machine ,comprises'a supporting standard I(preferably channel shaped) havinga bottom flange 2 whereby the machinemay be securely fixed by means of bolts 3, 3 to a. table or bench 4provided with a supporting member 5. The side members 1, 1 0! thestandard I are separated by a space 8 throughout substantially theentire length except near the upper ends where they are comnected by atransverse wall 9 which is projected forwardly beyond the members 1, 1,as shown at a 9' (Fig.1); Atthe upper end of the standard I a housing 10is securely fixed, enclosing within it a substantially circular chamberI I, with which communicates an opening I2 extending forward- I 1ythrough the housing I0. A bracket I 3 is carried by the standard I, saidbracket having a 'web I4 extending rearwardly' anddisposed in j"the'space 8 in the members I, 1. The web I4 *isprovided with a slot' l5and a bolt I6 passes 55* through'suitable openings in the members 1, 1

' 6 Claims. (Cl. 78-101) and through the slot I5 to hold thebracket itfirmly in place. An adjusting screw it travones a. tapped opening 18 inthe rear wall it of standard i and bears against the web it, wherebysaid web may be pushed outwardly by 5 an adjustment of said screw.Obviously, nut it on bolt it must be loosened before such an ad-.justment can be affected. The bracket is T- shapm and the outwardlypresented head portion 2!! thereof is substantially oval in cross-sec-1o tion and its top and bottom surfaces it, 22 are provided with spacedtapped openings for cap screws 23, 23 and 2t, 2t which hold upper guidearms 25, 25 and lower guide arms 26, it on the bracket head 2d.

The inner adjacent ends of both pairs of guide arms are provided withgear teeth 1?, t arranged in mesh so that on the movement of one arm,

the other will be correspondingly moved, where.- by the arms will alwaysbe maintainedin equal 2w angularrelation with a vertical plane bisectingthe bracket between screws 23, 23 and 2d, it which serve as the pivotsabout which arms 25, and 2t, 26 rotate. The free ends of upper arms 25,25 and lower arms 26, 26 are connected 25 by rollers 21, 21 and inbetween the rollers and pivotal screws are rods 28, 28. The upper endsof rods 28, 28 I are provided with threaded stems 28', 28' and a link 29fits over said stems 28', 28', one end of the link receiving stem 28' inan open- 30 ing'o and the other end of the link receiving the oppositestem28' in a slot 0'. Wing nuts n and n are passed over the threadedstems 28', 28' and may be tightened to securely-fasten the link 29 to.therods 28, 28, thereby rigidly holding the rods in any desired spacedrelation. When it is desired to change the'adjustment of the rollers 21,21, the nuts 11., n are loosened which permits movement of the arms 25,25, after which the wing nuts n; n are again securely fastened. 40 Thearms 25 and 26, together with the rollers 21, 21 extending therebetween;serve as a guide or cradle for the support of a resizing sleeve 30 inwhich a piston P (which is being resized) is held. The resizing sleeve30 is provided with an open slot on opposite sidesof which are lugs32,33. A screw 34 passes freely through an opening 35 in lug 3 2 andscrews into tapped opening 36 in lug 33. A second screw 31 passesthrough a act oppositely in that the slot 3| may be drawn together bymeans of the screw 34 and the sleeve thereby made somewhat smaller,while the said slot may be forced apart by the screw 31 and the a sleevethereby made somewhat larger. In order to preserve as nearly as possiblethe cylindrical shape of the inner surface 406! the resizing sleeve 30,the cross section of the sleeve is eccentrically formed with the thinnerwall section immediately adjacent the slot 3i and the thlckenwallsection 7 directly opposite tothe said slot. By thus form ing' thesleeve it will maintain a substantially cy-- lindi'ical shape while theslot 3| is being expanded. 'I'he advantaged maintaining the cyformedon-its lowerend, is mounted on a pivot 43 within housing l0 and hasashort lever arm 44 projecting inwardly at approximately a right angleso thatthe hammeris substantially in the term of a bell crank. A rotarycam wheel 45 en-- gages 'with the short arm 44 and when said cam g israpidly. rotated through suitable connections not deemed necessary.

with the motor- 46, the hammer s'hank'will be repeatedly liftedandforcibly'pulled downwardly by a spring 41 connected to it and toalever 48 mounted on 'a lug 48 projecting-rearwardly from the standardI. The action of the hammer 4i is controlled by the pedals 50 and Si inidentically the same manner as in said patent aforesaid No. 2,052,355.Since no' claims are made to this speciflc mechanism, a detaileddescription thereof is In order to insure that the piston P will notmove within the resizing sleeve 30, a set screw 52 is' inserted into'atapped opening 53 in the sleeve 30 near lug 32 and may be screwedinwardly to bear against the piston surface and thereby hold eration.

the same against turning during the peening op-.

Onithe average. when pistons require replacementjor expanding, thecylinder wear approxlmates .005 inch. For. this reason'the resizingsleeve 30 is made .005 inch oversize with the slot ll its normal widthof about one-sixteenth 'oi an inch. Now theworn piston that is to bereshaped within the sleeve 34 is generally from .005- inch to .010-inchsmaller than the sleeve. Therefore, ,theoperator, after inserting thepiston in thesleeve, adjusts the screws -34 and 31 so as to con tractthe slot 3 Fto make the sleeve just sufllciently small to firmly holdthe piston within it.. Since I most of the peening is to be doneadjacent to the slot S of 'thepiston' P, the piston is inserted-in thesleeve so with it's slot 8 opposite the slot 3| I against the rollers21, 21 and causes the ham- -mer head 42 to strike rapidly on the innersurface oi the piston P at such points as hedesi'res, the

pistonP-being moved, together with the resizing sleeve 30, to effectcontrol of the peening action.

' In slotted-pistons the portions of. the. piston.

skirt adjacent to the slot collapse causing considerable reduction inthe. diameter of. the piston at right angles to theaxis of the'plnbosses. This is corrected by peening the innersuriace oi .the pistonskirt along vertical lines adjacent to the pistonslot.

Obviously, the more the inner surface of the piston is peened', thegreater arethe strains set up in the metal to which the metal; can notrespond owing to the confinement 'oi the piston. V

.- sleeve for holding a piston in the path of the hamwithin the resizingsleeve 30. The confinement-of the piston. by the sleeve causes theseinternal and also insures the retention of the cylindrical shape of thepiston. However, when the sleeve 30 is expanded by the manipulation ofthe screws I4 and I! and. the piston is removed from the sleeve, thepiston will immediately expand in response to the tension set up in thepiston wall by the peening operation. The degree of expansion of thepiston, of course, is dependent upon the amount of peening that isperformed on the inner suriace oi the piston. Thls'is under the controlof the operator. Obviously, if a piston isvery much undersized. theoperator will adjust the screws 34 and II to enlarge the sleeve 30during the peening operation. That'is, after performing a certain amountoi peening, the sleeve 30 is expanded', after which further peening isperformed until the operator is satisfied that the piston has. beenenlarged a sufficient amount to properly fit the cylinder in which it isintended to operate.

If desired, the operator may impart a cam shape to a piston. That is, bydirecting the peening along certain lines adjacent to the slot of the-piston, he can cause the diameter at right angles 'to the axis of thepin bosses to increase so that it will be greater than the diameter thepin bosses.

'I'he confinement oi the piston within the sleeve makes any delicatecontrol of the peeningv operation unnecessary-since, as stated above,the sleeve causes the strains in the metal to be distributed' over a'greater area than if there'were no such confinement but merely peeningagainst an anvil.

vHaving described our invention, we claim:

1. A machine for reshaping pistons, including a .'hammer for insertioninto a, piston, a resizing ior rapidly reciprocating the hammer againstthe piston wall.

' 2. A machine for reshaping pistons, including a hammer for insertioninto a piston, a resiflng sleeve for holding a piston in the path of thehammer, means for contracting and expanding said sleeve, means forsupporting said'sleeve, said supportlng means permitting freelongitudinal movement and rotation on the longitudinal axis of thesleevei relative to the hammer, and means for rapidly reciprocating thehammer against the piston wall.

3. In a machine for reshaping pistons, a resizing sleeve'beinglongitudinally slotted-at its thinnest portion, and means for increasingor decreasing the size oi the sleeve.

4. A machine for reshaping pistons, including a hammer for insertioninto a piston, a mailing sleeve for holding a piston in the pathv of thehammer, vmeans for rapidly-reciprocating the -,mer-,-means forrapidlyreciprocating the hammer the piston wall, means for supporting said 1gparallel with sleeve for receiving the piston, the inner surface" ofsaid sleeve being cylindrical and eccentric with respect to. the outersurface, the wall of said sleeve for holding a piston in the path of thehammer, means for rapidly reciprocating the hammer against the pistonwall, and oppositely disposed supporting members for supporting thesleeve, whereby the hammer will strike the piston wall along a linebetween said supporting members.

CHARLES A. MAREN. MELVIN W. MARIEN.-

